Examines how resource distribution, richness, and predictability interact with systematic and historical constraints to yield patterns of resource control, mating systems, and life histories (including sex differences) in mammals, particularly humans. Students wishing to take this course for 2 hours credit must have previous or concurrent enrollment in NRE 415, Biology 494, or Psychology 430. Students wishing to take this course for 4 hours credit will, in addition to the W 1-3 lecture, attend the lecture section of NRE 415 for part of the term MWF 12-1.